Darwinian$18908$ - traducción al italiano
![[[Charles Darwin]] in 1868](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Charles Darwin by Julia Margaret Cameron 2.jpg?width=200 "[[Charles Darwin]] in 1868")
.jpg?width=200 "pp=376–379}}</ref>")
![resistance to antibiotics]] grows through the survival of individuals less affected by the antibiotic. Their offspring inherit the resistance.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Antibiotic resistance.svg?width=200 "resistance to antibiotics]] grows through the survival of individuals less affected by the antibiotic. Their offspring inherit the resistance.")
![[[Aristotle]] considered whether different forms could have appeared, only the useful ones surviving.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Aristotle Altemps Inv8575.jpg?width=200 "[[Aristotle]] considered whether different forms could have appeared, only the useful ones surviving.")
![1: [[directional selection]]: a single extreme [[phenotype]] favoured.<br>2, [[stabilizing selection]]: intermediate favoured over extremes.<br>3: disruptive selection: extremes favoured over intermediate.<br>X-axis: [[phenotypic trait]]<br>Y-axis: number of organisms<br>Group A: original population<br>Group B: after selection](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Genetic Distribution.svg?width=200 "1: [[directional selection]]: a single extreme [[phenotype]] favoured.<br>2, [[stabilizing selection]]: intermediate favoured over extremes.<br>3: disruptive selection: extremes favoured over intermediate.<br>X-axis: [[phenotypic trait]]<br>Y-axis: number of organisms<br>Group A: original population<br>Group B: after selection")
![Pouters]] (14) by [[selective breeding]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LA2-NSRW-3-0536 cropped.jpg?width=200 "Pouters]] (14) by [[selective breeding]].")
![morph]] of the [[peppered moth]] largely replaced the formerly usual light morph (both shown here). Since the moths are subject to [[predation]] by birds hunting by sight, the colour change offers better [[camouflage]] against the changed background, suggesting natural selection at work.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lichte en zwarte versie berkenspanner crop.jpg?width=200 "morph]] of the [[peppered moth]] largely replaced the formerly usual light morph (both shown here). Since the moths are subject to [[predation]] by birds hunting by sight, the colour change offers better [[camouflage]] against the changed background, suggesting natural selection at work.")
![life cycle stage]] of a sexually reproducing organism.<ref name=Christiansen1984/>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Life cycle of a sexually reproducing organism.svg?width=200 "life cycle stage]] of a sexually reproducing organism.<ref name=Christiansen1984/>")
![Essay on the Principle of Population]]'', 6th edition, 1826](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Malthus 1826 vol 1 page 435 top Table England Population Growth 1780-1810.jpg?width=200 "Essay on the Principle of Population]]'', 6th edition, 1826")
![coloration]] through [[mate choice]] by females over many generations.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pavo cristatus in Barbados Wildlife Reserve 12.jpg?width=200 "coloration]] through [[mate choice]] by females over many generations.")
Wikipedia
A Darwinian puzzle is a trait that appears to reduce the fitness of individuals that possess it. Such traits attract the attention of evolutionary biologists. Several human traits pose challenges to evolutionary thinking, as they are relatively prevalent but are associated with lower reproductive success through reduced fertility and/or longevity. Some of the classic examples include: left handedness, menopause, and mental disorders. These traits are also found in animals, a peacock shows an example of a trait that may reduce its fitness. The bigger the tail, the easier it is seen by predators and it also may hinder the movement of the peacock. Darwin, in fact, solved this "puzzle" by explaining the peacock's tail as evidence of sexual selection; a bigger tail confers evolutionary fitness on the male by allowing it to attract more females than other males with shorter tails. The phrase "Darwinian puzzle" itself is rare and of unclear origin; it's typically talked about in the context of animal behavior.
